Thanks for your question – I had to google this one as I couldn’t list 15 and found this list:
1 The three classical states
1.1 Solid
1.2 Liquid
1.3 Gas
2 Non classical states
2.1 Glass
2.2 Crystals with some degree of disorder
2.3 Liquid crystal states
2.4 Magnetically ordered
3 Low-temperature states
3.1 Superfluids
3.2 Bose-Einstein condensates
3.3 Fermionic condensates
3.4 Rydberg molecules
3.5 Quantum Hall states
3.6 Strange matter
4 High-energy states
4.1 Plasma (ionized gas)
4.2 Quark-gluon plasma
5 Very high energy states
6 Other proposed states
6.1 Degenerate matter
6.2 Supersolid
6.3 String-net liquid
6.4 Superglass
(it’s just from wikipedia if you google states of matter!)
The ‘theoretical’ ones under section 6 we don’t have on Earth but might one day be able to make using a particle accelerator. All of the others I believe we either have around us normally like liquid, solids and gases, or we can make them in the lab like plasma, bose-einstein condensates or the other ones in section 4.
Solid, liquid and gas appear naturally on Earth, and you can sometimes see things like plasmas. There are other things, “non-classical” states that also exist like glass, and magnetically ordered. Other states I imagine would only exist in the laboratory environment or out in space at the extremes – Bose-Einstein condensates have been created, as well as plasmas. Some really extreme states don’t readily occur in nature on the earth, such as quark-gluon plasmas. Some of these things may exist for split-seconds during rare interactions – I’m not sure about that though.
Comments
doppler commented on :
Wow, I never knew physical states could get so involved! Why does glass have its own physical state?